几何失真对SAR图像匹配的影响及校正方法分析     

任三孩  常文革 《遥感学报》2012,16(3):467-481

合成孔径雷达SAR用于图像匹配导航系统,可大大提高导航精度。然而地形起伏和大气干扰等因素使得SAR实时图存在几何失真,降低了匹配性能。通过对SAR实时图几何失真成因分析,提出了一种二维可分离的几何校正方法,并得出方位向几何失真可跟随成像处理预先校正,图像后处理只需校正距离向。利用数字高程模型DEM和正射图模拟得到了3幅具有不同地形特征的SAR实时图,并分别利用3种几何校正方法对其进行统计实验,得到了不同地形SAR实时图几何校正方法选取的准则。  相似文献   

VARIATIONAL DATA ASSIMILATION USING WAVELET BACKGROUND ERROR COVARIANCE: INITIALIZATION OF TYPHOON KAEMI (2006)   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

张卫民  曹小群  肖庆农  宋君强  朱小谦  王舒畅 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2010,16(4):333-340

Background error covariance plays an important role in any variational data assimilation system, because it determines how information from observations is spread in model space and between different model variables. In this paper, the use of orthogonal wavelets in representation of background error covariance over a limited area is studied. Based on the WRF model and its 3D-VAR system, an algorithm using orthogonal wavelets to model background error covariance is developed. Because each wavelet function contains information on both position and scale, using a diagonal correlation matrix in wavelet space gives the possibility to represent some anisotropic and inhomogeneous characteristics of background error covariance. The experiments show that local correlation functions are better modeled than spectral methods. The formulation of wavelet background error covariance is tested with the typhoon Kaemi (2006). The results of experiments indicate that the subsequent forecasts of typhoon Kaemi’s track and intensity are significantly improved by the new method.  相似文献   

NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTS AND ANALYSIS OF DIGITAL FILTER INITIALIZATION FOR WRF MODEL     

王舒畅  黄思训  张卫民  朱小谦  曹小群  李毅 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2008,14(1):1-10

Initialization and initial imbalance problem were discussed in the context of a three-dimensional variational data assimilation system of the new generation “Weather Research and Forecasting Model”. Several options of digital filter initialization have been tested with a rain storm case. It is shown that digital filter initialization, especially diabatic digital filter initialization and twice digital filter initialization, have effectively removed spurious high frequency noise from initial data for numerical weather prediction and produced balanced initial conditions. For six consecutive intermittent data assimilation cycles covering a 3-day period, mean initialization increments and impact on forecast variables are studied. DFI has been demonstrated to provide better adjustment of the hydrometeors and vertical velocity, reduced spin-up time, and improved forecast variables quantity.  相似文献   

Forecasting the western Pacific subtropical high index during typhoon activity using a hybrid deep learning model     

Jianyin Zhou  Mingyang Sun  Jie Xiang  Jiping Guan  Huadong Du  Lei Zhou 《海洋学报(英文版)》2022,41(4):101-108

Seasonal location and intensity changes in the western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH) are important factors dominating the synoptic weather and the distribution and magnitude of precipitation in the rain belt over East Asia. Therefore, this article delves into the forecast of the western Pacific subtropical high index during typhoon activity by adopting a hybrid deep learning model. Firstly, the predictors, which are the inputs of the model, are analysed based on three characteristics: the first...  相似文献   

The Data Depth-weight-kernel Estimation of the Model Error of Satellite Orbit Determination     

Xiao-Gang Pan  Hai-Yin Zhou 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2009,33(3):293-304

It is an objective fact that there exists error in the satellite dynamic model and it will be transferred to satellite orbit determination algorithm, forming a part of the connotative model error. Mixed with the systematic error and random error of the measurements, they form the unitive model error and badly restrict the precision of the orbit determination. We deduce in detail the equations of orbit improvement for a system with dynamic model error, construct the parametric model for the explicit part of the model and nonparametric model for the error that can not be explicitly described. We also construct the partially linear orbit determination model, estimate and fit the model error using a two-stage estimation and a kernel function estimation, and finally make the corresponding compensation in the orbit determination. Beginning from the data depth theory, a data depth weight kernel estimator for model error is proposed for the sake of promoting the steadiness of model error estimation. Simulation experiments of SBSS are performed. The results show clearly that the model error is one of the most important effects that will influence the precision of the orbit determination. The kernel function method can effectively estimate the model error, with the window width as a major restrict parameter. A data depth-weight-kernel estimation, however, can improve largely the robustness of the kernel function and therefore improve the precision of orbit determination.  相似文献   

基于SDP4模型的导航卫星仰角及方位角预报     

余小游  ;覃曼丽  ;吴问其  ;彭竞  ;刘文祥 《全球定位系统》2014,(3):44-48

地面站可控天线可以不借助接收机而直接监测导航卫星的信号质量,地面天线伺服系统根据卫星的实时位置计算出仰角及方位角来确定天线的指向。广播星历及历书等常用的计算卫星位置的方法虽误差较小,但其误差随时间迅速扩大,基于该问题,论文论述了双行星历（TLE）结合SDP4模型进行卫星轨道预报方法,利用SDP4模型计算GPS导航卫星的实时位置并预报卫星的仰角及方位角,采用IGS 事后精密星历对其角度预报误差进行了评估,同时,还将该方法的预报误差与广播星历、历书、STK高精度轨道预报等方法的预报误差进行了对比。实验结果表明：采用SDP4模型对导航卫星进行位置预报可满足误差要求,且时间有效性长、通用性好,具备实际应用价值。  相似文献   

Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Observational Data Weighting Method of Combined Orbit Determination of Near-earth Satellites of Bi-satellite Positioning System and its Applications     

De-Yong Zhao  Xiao-Gong PanJiong-Qi Wang  Zheng-Ming Wang 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2008

In the light of the problem of amalgamation and processing of multisource observational data in the combined orbit determination of near-earth satellites of the bi-satellite positioning system, the optimal weighting method of the improved variance component estimation of the two-step systematic error correction of homogeneous observational data is proposed. Analyses show that the multi-source amalgamation measurement model of the heterogeneous observational data essentially is a multi-structure, multi-parameter non-linear regression model, and the optimal weighting method of the combination of model structure characteristic analysis and variance component estimation of the heterogeneous observational data is established. The realization algorithms of the optimal weighting and the combined orbit determination parameter estimation of the two sorts of observational data are designed, and the simulation experiments of the combined orbit determination are carried out by taking the distances among the two satellites and the backup satellite and the homogeneous observational data and the distance between the two satellites and the heterogeneous observational data of satellite sensor angle measurements as the examples. The results of theoretical analysis and simulation calculation show that for the combined orbit determination of homogeneous observational data, the accuracy of orbit determination obtained by adopting the variance component estimation method of the two-step systematic error correction can be more superior than that obtained by means of the traditional empirical weighting method. For the combined orbit determination of heterogeneous observational data, through the introduction of the weighting factor by which the model structure is characterized the accuracies of the combined orbit determination of the near-earth satellite and geostationary satellite are both improved to a certain extent in comparison with the mean weighting mode.  相似文献   

甘肃红石泉地区伟晶状白岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄与铀成矿关系     

戚佳伟  张树明  杨春四  蓝德初  王利玲 《地质通报》2019,38(4):562-572

白岗岩是大陆碰撞过程中陆壳低比例熔融的产物,与铀及多金属矿床在成因上密切关联。甘肃红石泉铀矿床含矿主岩为伟晶状白岗岩,前人对伟晶状白岗岩的成岩年龄研究较少且精度有限,影响了对铀矿床成因和构造背景的深入认识。对甘肃红石泉铀矿床含矿主岩——伟晶状白岗岩开展了高精度LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素测年,获得伟晶状白岗岩成岩平均年龄值为2493.5Ma,形成时代为新太古代晚期—古元古代早期。认为伟晶状白岗岩应属于新太古代晚期-古元古代早期华北克拉通微陆块拼合作用后期的产物,同时也是华北克拉通约2.5Ga岩浆构造热事件在西部地块的响应。伟晶状白岗岩与红石泉铀矿床铀成矿没有直接成因关系,只是作为铀矿的含矿主岩。  相似文献   

Low latitude storm time ionospheric electrodynamics     

《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2002,64(12-14):1401-1408

The response of the low latitude ionosphere to high latitude convection has long been the subject of considerable interest. Radar, ionosonde, magnetometer, and satellite measurements have been extensively used for studying the time-dependent characteristics of low-latitude disturbance electric fields and currents, and their coupling to the high latitude convection. Several global convection models have been used to explore the relationship between inner magnetospheric processes, and mid- and low-latitude ionospheric electrodynamic effects during geomagnetically active times. Recently, significant progress has been made in quantifying the average storm time-dependent responses of low latitude electrodynamic plasma drifts and currents to changes in the high latitude convection, and in the validation of global convection and ionospheric disturbance models. However, there are several fundamental questions dealing mostly with the large variability of the disturbance electric fields. In this review, we examine the latest progress in these studies and discuss a number of outstanding problems.  相似文献   

一维综合孔径微波辐射计遥感海面温度的敏感性分析     

陈冠宇  艾未华  陆文  冯梦延 《海洋学报》2019,41(3):143-154

一维综合孔径微波辐射计能够有效提高观测的空间分辨率，其观测入射角通常在0°~55°范围内变化。为了开发适用于一维综合孔径微波辐射计的海面温度反演算法，需要评估其观测亮温对海洋大气环境要素的敏感性。利用海面发射率模型和大气辐射传输模型，构建了适用于一维综合孔径微波辐射计的微波海洋大气辐射传输模式，研究了C波段垂直和水平极化微波辐射亮温在不同入射角下对海洋大气环境要素的敏感性变化情况，并定量计算了相应的敏感系数。结果表明:垂直和水平极化亮温对海洋大气环境要素的敏感性表现出不同的特性。随着入射角的增大，垂直极化亮温对海面温度的敏感性增强，对海面风场的敏感性相对减弱；水平极化亮温则相反。由大气水汽含量和云液态水含量误差引入的垂直和水平极化亮温误差随入射角增大而增大，但是，即使在55°的大入射角下垂直和水平极化亮温误差仍小于0.12 K。对于海面温度反演精度优于1 K的要求，一维综合孔径微波辐射计的测温精度需优于0.6 K。研究结果对于一维综合孔径微波辐射计海面温度反演算法的研究和载荷设计具有一定的理论指导意义。  相似文献